LABORATORY OF FOOD TECHNOLOGIES AND FORMULATIONS

1) Knowledge and understanding: Interactions between ingredients in food formulations. Water, salts, proteins, fats. Cookie production technology process parameters. Role and characteristics of the ingredients. Short dough and hard dough, characteristics and properties. Effect of ingredient substitution on the properties of the finished product. The leavened. Yeast Preparation: Definition DY, French System and American System. Strength, acidity evaluation. Bakery. Processes and quality of the finished product. Beverage industry: preparation of basic syrups (° Brix, sugar substitution, viscosity). Knowledge of food labeling law.

2) Applying knowledge and understanding: the course, through the application of case studies in the laboratory, aims to provide the tools for transferring the knowledge acquired in the various disciplines to food production. In particular, the student, through the modification of each single ingredient, understanding the role and interactions with other ingredients will be able to evaluate the changes in the properties and quality of the finished products and choose the optimal systems to use. Ability to develop a food label.

3) Making judgments: the course makes the student capable of analysis and critical evaluations concerning the choice of the appropriate ingredients for obtaining the intermediate or finished product having the desired qualitative properties and the food label.

4) Communication skills: ability to support and communicate choices regarding the subjects within their competence

5) Learning skills: at the end of the course the student is expected to have the ability to apply knowledge skills in different contexts, orienting study methods and reasoning towards a work perspective

The course includes both lectures (or at a distance) and laboratory tests.

If the course is delivered in blended or remote mode, appropriate adjustments may be made to the above, in order to ensure consistency with the syllabus

For a full understanding of the course content, prior knowledge of the following is considered important:

• Processes and operations of food technology;

• Principles of food chemistry.

Attending the classes is not mandatory, but strongly recommended, as it facilities the learning process and contributes to the achievement of the learning objectives.

Interactions between ingredients in food formulations. Water, salts, proteins, fats. Cookie production technology process parameters. Role and characteristics of the ingredients. Short dough and hard dough, characteristics and properties. Effect of ingredient substitution on the properties of the finished product. Color parameters.

Preparation of yeasts: Definition DY, French System and American System. Evaluation of strength, acidity. Bread making. Processes and quality of the finished product. 

Leavened products, reference legislation, processing technologies, labelling and regulatory requirements.

The drinks industry and reference legislation: juice preparation; juice-based drinks; nectars; corrective measures.

Food labelling, reference legislation and nutrition labelling. Development of food labels for laboratory-produced products.

- Lecture notes

- Tecnologia e pratica per la produzione dei biscotti -  Tiziano Lanza, Chiriotti Editore. 

- Manley’s Technology of Biscuits, Crackers and Cookies, D. Manley, Woodhead Publishing

- Biotecnologia dei prodotti lievitati da forno, M. Gobetti e A. Corsetti, CEA

- Manuale di Pasticceria. Tecnologie e laboratorio, ingredienti e aspetti nutrizionali, normativa di riferimento, L. Frati, HOEPLI 

Verification of learning takes place through oral interview and discussion of laboratory experiences. The evaluation of the student's preparation will take place on the basis of the following criteria: learning ability and level of depth of the topics covered, properties of synthesis and exposition, and the student's ability to reason.
The vote follows the following scheme:

Unsuitable
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: Important shortcomings. Significant inaccuracies
Ability to analyze and synthesize: Irrelevant. Frequent generalizations. Inability to synthesize
Use of references: Completely inappropriate

18-20
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: At the threshold level. Obvious imperfections
Ability to analyze and synthesize: Just enough skills
Use of references: As appropriate

21-23
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: Routine knowledge Analysis and synthesis skills: It is capable of correct analysis and synthesis. Argue logically and consistently
Use of references: Use standard references

24-26
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: Good knowledge
Analysis and synthesis skills: Has good analysis and synthesis skills. The arguments are expressed consistently
Use of references: Use standard references

27-29
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: Knowledge more than good
Ability to analyze and synthesize: He has considerable abilities of analysis and synthesis
Use of references: Has explored the topics

30-30L
Knowledge and understanding of the topic: Excellent knowledge
Ability to analyze and synthesize: He has considerable abilities of analysis and synthesis.
Use of references: Important insights.

Learning assessment may also be carried out on-line, should the conditions require it.

To ensure equal opportunities and in compliance with current laws, students may request a personal interview in order to plan any compensatory and/or dispensatory measures based on educational objectives and specific needs. Students can also contact the CInAP (Centro per l’integrazione Attiva e Partecipata — Servizi per le Disabilità e/o DSA) through the referring professor within the department, (https://www.cinap.unict.it/content/referenti).

EU food labelling: mandatory requirements and informations

Development of nutritional labels

Food formulation

Functional properties of the ingredients

Color parameters 

Doughs and critical process parameters

The role of fats in bakery products

Food law and labeling regulations for juices and beverages 

Difference between Soft Dough (SD) and Hard Dough (HD): properties and processing technologies